Kangaroo Mother Care: Simple Approach, Remarkable Results

With the support of Save the Children and the dedication of medical teams, the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method has been and continues to help preterm and low-birth-weight infants overcome critical moments. This model has expanded from hospitals to communities in remote areas.
April 03, 2025 | 06:16
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Miracle from mother's warmth

On a late November day in 2024, we returned to Ea Trang Commune, M’Drak District, Dak Lak Province. In front of her house, 25-year-old H’Me Nie was playing with her daughter, Galy. Once a premature, underweight newborn, the little girl is now a healthy, bright-eyed, and energetic toddler.

Kangaroo Mother Care: Simple Approach, Remarkable Results
H'Me Nie and her daughter Galy. (Photo: Dinh Hoa)

H’Me Nie shared that Galy's name was given by her grandfather, inspired by a tranquil lake in the Bible. "A lake is calm, but my daughter is the exact opposite—always running around, full of energy," she laughed.

At 23, while still a university student, H’Me Nie faced an immense challenge-Galy was born prematurely at 35 weeks, weighing just over 2 kilograms.

"I was extremely worried that my baby would face health issues," she recalled. Thanks to the dedicated guidance of doctors at M’Drak District General Hospital, she was introduced to the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method—skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby to maintain warmth and support development.

For 20 hours a day, baby Galy lay on her mother’s chest, skin to skin. However, H’Me Nie went beyond the recommendation, "I held her almost 24/7. Though I was exhausted, feeling her steady breathing in sync with mine gave me confidence and strength."

Not only the mother but also the father and grandparents took turns providing skin-to-skin care. As a result, Galy’s breathing stabilized, her body temperature remained steady, and she slept better, gaining weight consistently.

After discharge, H’Me Nie continued practicing KMC at home with support from the local health station. Healthcare workers frequently visited to offer guidance, encouragement, and even provided baby wraps and warm hats.

When Galy reached a healthy weight, H’Me Nie donated her baby wraps and supplies to the health station to help other mothers in need. "I hope this small gift brings the same hope and reassurance that I once received," she said.

Now 19 months old and weighing 10 kilograms, Galy is strong and lively. "Those days of holding her close will always be unforgettable memories. Even now, she still loves climbing onto me for a cuddle, just like when she was little," H’Me Nie shared with joy.

From hospitals to communities

Dr. Hoang Ngoc Anh Tuan, head of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Central Highlands General Hospital, revealed that after more than a decade of implementing KMC, an average of 56.7% of premature infants at the hospital receive this care each year. This significant achievement has been made possible through the support of Save the Children and various healthcare improvement projects in the Central Highlands.

Kangaroo Mother Care: Simple Approach, Remarkable Results
Doctor Hoang Ngoc Anh Tuan instructs the patient's family on how to care for the child using the KMC method. (Photo: Dinh Hoa)

Dr. Tuan emphasized that KMC is not just an isolated technique but an integral part of a comprehensive neonatal care system, including training for healthcare professionals at all levels, facility improvements, and equipment upgrades. Combined with advanced techniques such as mechanical ventilation and CPAP therapy, neonatal mortality rates have significantly decreased.

"Compared to traditional methods like incubators or heat lamps, KMC offers superior benefits," he explained. "Babies are naturally warmed by their parents, reducing the risk of infections associated with hospital environments, while also improving breastfeeding and overall development."

However, implementing KMC in the Central Highlands has not always been smooth. Many families initially resisted, sticking to traditional practices like carrying babies in fabric slings on their backs. Healthcare teams had to patiently educate, demonstrate, and even have male doctors wear Kangaroo wraps to break gender stereotypes and build trust within the community.

Currently, the Central Highlands General Hospital is expanding KMC services to meet growing demand. The number of KMC treatment beds has increased from 10 to 20, including five neonatal intensive care beds, particularly for CPAP-assisted infants. The hospital is also awaiting approval to establish a dedicated KMC unit.

Kangaroo Mother Care: Simple Approach, Remarkable Results
Materials used to guide Kangaroo Care newborns, sponsored by Save the Children. (Photo: Dinh Hoa)

Looking ahead, Dr. Tuan hopes to extend the KMC model to grassroots healthcare facilities, especially in remote areas, and eventually establish a regional KMC Center in the Central Highlands. "With further support from Save the Children, we can replicate this success in neighboring provinces such as Gia Lai, Kon Tum, and Lam Dong," he said.

He also underscored the importance of public awareness efforts. "Community education is key to the success of this model. We are working closely with authorities and NGOs to enhance public communication and training, ensuring the long-term sustainability of KMC."

Impact of the Baby Cap project

According to Tong Viet Trung, project manager of Baby Cap (Save the Children), KMC is a vital component of the initiative aimed at improving maternal and newborn health in ethnic minority communities. In addition to KMC, the project incorporates mobile maternal and newborn care teams, community-based referral systems, and public health education.

With over KRW2 billion (US$1.36 million) in funding, the Baby Cap project has been implemented over 3.5 years (July 2021 – December 2024), significantly reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates in four project districts across Son La and Dak Lak. According to the final project report, maternal mortality dropped from 57.6 per 100,000 to 0 per 100,000 live births, while neonatal mortality fell from 11.5 per 1,000 to 1.6 per 1,000 live births. The rate of institutional deliveries also increased from 73.5% to 81%.

Additionally, the project supported Vietnam’s Ministry of Health in updating and issuing two key national guidelines on neonatal care-the "Guidelines for implementing Kangaroo Mother Care" and the "Guidelines for organizing neonatal care in healthcare facilities." These official documents will be applied nationwide, improving maternal, and newborn healthcare quality.

"We have worked with our partners to develop plans for sustaining and expanding the project's successful models beyond the target districts in Son La and Dak Lak," Trung stated.

He acknowledged that securing funding remains a significant challenge, but efforts are underway to attract new resources. The project’s success in standardizing neonatal care guidelines at the national level presents an opportunity to leverage further support.

"From the outset, sustainability has been our priority. The trained local healthcare teams will continue providing maternal and newborn care after the project concludes. Meanwhile, provincial and grassroots health supervisors will ensure the ongoing implementation and expansion of these initiatives.

Looking forward, we will continue collaborating with the Ministry of Health to update guidelines, optimize resources, and extend the project’s impact nationwide," Trung affirmed.

Kangaroo Mother Care: Simple Approach, Remarkable Results
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