Workers in Hanoi grapple with blazing weather
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	Perfect destination to hide away from scorching heat during Hanoi's summer

In the face of this prolonged heat wave, people try everything to fight against the heat. Source: NDO

Northern and central regions, including Hanoi, have been hit by a major hot spell this week as temperatures climb to highs of over 40 degrees Celsius. This prolonged heat wave can put us at risk of heat illness.

Three common heat-related illnesses include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke. Heat cramps and heat exhaustion are less severe than heatstroke, but they can all be avoided if you take time to rest, drink enough fluids, and spend time in cool areas when they’re available.

According to Australian Red Cross, the heat can affect anyone, but some people are more at risk because their body doesn't regulate heat well, including: older people, babies and young children, people with mental-health conditions, people on certain medications, people with chronic conditions (such as breathing or heart problems), people with limited mobility.

As heat waves are common and intense in summer, the risk continues to rise. Here’s how to make sure you’re prepared.

Depending on a person’s age, presence of chronic medical conditions, and the amount of fluids they’ve consumed, heatstroke — especially in temperatures in the triple digits — can occur in just a few short hours.

Usually, a healthy core body temperature is somewhere around 37 C. But if it climbs to 40 C internal organs — including your brain — may become damaged.

Shippers are busier around midday following eateries being forced to close and only allow take-away services as a means of combatting the Covid-19 pandemic. Source: VOV

From the least serious heat-related illness to the most serious, here’s how to identify and treat them:

Heat cramps: The result of dehydration and low salt levels

Symptoms

Painful muscle cramps and spasms usually in the legs, arms, and abdomen

Heavy sweating

What To Do

Stop the activity and get to a cool place to rest

Apply firm pressure on the cramping muscles or gently massage them to relieve the spasms

Give sips of water unless there’s nausea, then do not give water

Ease cramps by stretching

Try ice packs to see if they help

Heat Exhaustion: The result of dehydration and prolonged over-exertion

Symptoms

Fatigue

Heavy sweating

Weakness

Cool, pale, clammy skin

Fast, weak pulse

Possible muscle cramps

Dizziness

Nausea or vomiting

Fainting

What To Do

Move to a cooler environment (air conditioned room, underneath a fan)

Lay the person down and loosen or remove their clothing

Apply cool, wet cloths to key areas, such as the groin, armpits, back and neck or bathe in cool water

Offer sips of water

Get medical help right away if there’s no improvement within an hour or if they vomit more than once

Heatstroke: The result of the body’s inability to regulate its temperature. It can be life-threatening.

Symptoms

Altered mental state (disorientation, confusion)

Throbbing headache, confusion, nausea, dizziness, shallow breathing

Body temperature above 39.4°C

Hot, red, dry skin

Lack of sweating

Rapid and strong pulse

Fainting or loss of consciousness

What To Do

Seek immediate medical attention and begin cooling the person while waiting

Move to a cooler or air-conditioned place

Cool the body with cool cloths or a bath

Do not give fluids

Depending on the severity of the heatstroke, recovery can take several days. Left untreated, experts say, heatstroke can cause lasting damage to your brain, muscles, kidneys, and other important organs. Sometimes imaging, intravenous fluid resuscitation and medication are required.

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